Cover | 1 |
Inhaltsverzeichnis | 7 |
?Teil 1: E-mails in English | 19 |
1 ?An E-mail’s Anatomy | 21 |
1.1 ?Subject Lines That Work | 21 |
1.2 ?Common Salutations and Openings | 22 |
1.2.1 ?Salutations | 22 |
1.2.2 ?Opening sentences | 25 |
1.2.3 ?Small talk | 26 |
1.3 ?Ending an E-mail | 27 |
1.3.1 ?Closing remarks | 27 |
1.3.2 ?Correct closing expressions | 28 |
1.4 ?Signatures and Disclaimers | 29 |
1.4.1 ?Signatures | 29 |
1.4.2 ?Disclaimers | 30 |
1.4.3 ?Out-of-office assistant | 31 |
1.5 ?E-mail Techniques: about CC and BCC | 31 |
2 ?A Reader-friendly Approach | 33 |
2.1 ?When to Use E-mail and When Not? | 33 |
2.2 ?Structuring the Information | 34 |
2.2.1 ?Writing effectively for the monitor | 34 |
2.2.2 ?Less is more | 34 |
2.2.3 ?Techniques to make e-mails better structured | 35 |
2.3 ?Formal or Informal? | 37 |
2.3.1 ?Colloquial language | 38 |
2.3.2 ?More personal style | 38 |
2.4 ?Netiquette Guidelines | 39 |
2.5 ?How to Deal with Attachments | 40 |
2.5.1 ?Best ways to deal with attachments | 40 |
2.5.2 ?Useful phrases | 41 |
2.5.3 ?Avoiding attachments | 42 |
3 ?Common Business Situations | 45 |
3.1 ?Requesting Information or Favours | 45 |
3.1.1 ?Useful phrases | 46 |
3.2 ?Hotel or Conference Enquiries | 47 |
3.2.1 ?Useful vocabulary | 48 |
3.3 ?Giving Enquiries | 50 |
3.3.1 ?FYI: for your information | 50 |
3.3.2 ?Answering requests | 50 |
3.3.3 ?Useful phrases | 51 |
3.4 ?Change of Address | 52 |
3.5 ?Appointments | 52 |
3.5.1 ?Useful phrases | 53 |
3.6 ?Invitations | 54 |
3.6.1 ?Useful phrases | 55 |
3.6.2 ?Indicating date and time | 56 |
3.7 ?Sending Agendas and Minutes | 59 |
3.8 ?Refusing a Request | 61 |
3.8.1 ?Useful phrases | 61 |
3.8.2 ?Stylistic stand back: negative ? positive | 62 |
3.9 ?Complaints | 62 |
3.10 ?Apologies | 63 |
3.10.1 ?Useful phrases | 63 |
3.11 ?Congratulations and Season’s Greetings | 64 |
3.12 ?Thanks | 65 |
3.13 ?Payments and Reminders | 65 |
3.13.1 ?Useful phrases | 66 |
3.13.2 ?Useful vocabulary | 67 |
3.14 ?Making Offers | 67 |
3.15 ?Delivery and Incoterms | 68 |
3.16 ?Numbers and Currency Symbols | 69 |
3.16.1 ?Indicating larger numbers | 70 |
3.16.2 ?Monetary and currency symbols | 70 |
4 ?Practical Reference | 73 |
4.1 ?Useful Vocabulary and Key Terms | 73 |
4.1.1 ?Digital vocabulary | 73 |
4.1.2 ?Vocabulary: function keys | 73 |
4.1.3 ?Key terms: e-mails | 74 |
4.2 ?Abbreviations and Acronyms | 74 |
4.3 ?E-mail Features | 80 |
4.3.1 ?Formatting e-mail for foreign screens | 80 |
4.3.2 ?Templates | 81 |
4.3.3 ?Identifying international e-mails | 82 |
4.3.4 ?Legal implications of e-mail | 83 |
4.3.5 ?Responding to e-mail | 84 |
?Teil 2: Phone Calls in English | 85 |
5 ?Getting Started and Ending a Conversation | 87 |
5.1 ?Calling according to plan | 87 |
5.1.1 ?Beginning a call | 87 |
5.1.2 ?Telephone scripts | 88 |
5.2 ?After the greeting | 89 |
5.2.1 ?Small talk | 92 |
5.2.2 ?Getting past the secretary | 93 |
5.2.3 ?Obtaining information | 93 |
5.3 ?I beg your pardon? | 95 |
5.4 ?Connecting people | 96 |
5.5 ?Answering the phone | 97 |
5.6 ?Ending a conversation | 97 |
6 ?Typical Situations and How To Deal with Them | 101 |
6.1 ?Taking and leaving messages | 101 |
6.2 ?Appointments | 102 |
6.3 ?Telephone spelling | 104 |
6.4 ?Taking down names and numbers | 107 |
6.5 ?Electronic addresses | 109 |
6.6 ?Answering machine and voice mail | 111 |
6.7 ?Mobile telephones | 113 |
6.7.1 ?Recognising mobile numbers | 114 |
7 ?Special Situations | 115 |
7.1 ?Conference calls | 115 |
7.1.1 ?Hours for international business calls | 121 |
7.2 ?International trade | 122 |
7.3 ?Sales and finances | 128 |
7.4 ?Travel enquiries | 131 |
7.5 ?A job interview by telephone | 134 |
8 ?Practical Reference | 137 |
8.1 ?Intercultural communication | 137 |
8.2 ?Pronunciation | 138 |
8.2.1 ?Speech | 140 |
8.3 ?Telecommunications terminology | 140 |
8.4 ?Key terms: the company | 142 |
8.5 ?Telephone sources on the Internet | 143 |
8.5.1 ?National telephone numbering plans | 144 |
8.6 ?Country codes and dialling codes for well-known cities | 145 |
?Teil 3: Presentations in English | 147 |
9 ?Preparation | 149 |
9.1 ?Developing an international viewpoint | 149 |
9.1.1 ?Things can be different | 149 |
9.1.2 ?Accept that differences exist! | 150 |
9.1.3 ?Opposite behaviour may not mean opposite values | 150 |
9.1.4 ?Use cultural generalisations with care | 151 |
9.1.5 ?When and how to adapt to others’ cultural style? | 152 |
9.2 ?Preparing yourself, the person | 154 |
9.2.1 ?How to deal with nerves | 154 |
9.2.2 ?Dealing with »language« nerves | 156 |
9.2.3 ?Your English isn’t good enough? | 156 |
9.2.4 ?Everyone else speaks better English than you? | 156 |
9.2.5 ?What if you forget the words? | 157 |
9.2.6 ?What if you can’t understand the audience? | 159 |
9.3 ?Putting yourself in your audience’s shoes | 160 |
9.4 ?Organising facilities | 163 |
9.4.1 ?Be prepared | 163 |
9.4.2 ?Organising the setup | 163 |
9.5 ?Your presentation structure | 165 |
9.5.1 ?Circular vs. linear structure | 165 |
9.5.2 ?Timing | 166 |
9.5.3 ?Structure ? main components | 167 |
9.5.4 ?Structure in detail | 168 |
9.6 ?How to prepare good slides | 169 |
10 ?Greetings and introductions | 171 |
10.1 ?What to say when you enter | 171 |
10.1.1 ?Meeting people for the first time | 172 |
10.1.2 ?Making conversation | 172 |
10.2 ?Introducing your presentation well | 173 |
10.3 ?Introduction components | 175 |
10.3.1 ?Openings | 175 |
10.3.2 ?Objectives | 176 |
10.3.3 ?Overview | 177 |
10.3.4 ?Organisation | 177 |
10.4 ?Dealing with handouts | 177 |
10.5 ?Taking care of technical problems | 178 |
11 ?Main section: skills and techniques | 181 |
11.1 ?Fixing your body language | 181 |
11.1.1 ?International viewpoint | 181 |
11.1.2 ?Body language basics | 182 |
11.2 ?Using your voice well | 183 |
11.2.1 ?International viewpoint | 183 |
11.2.2 ?Two key techniques | 183 |
11.2.3 ?Advanced techniques | 184 |
11.3 ?Making transitions | 185 |
11.3.1 ?Between slides | 185 |
11.3.2 ?Between sections | 186 |
11.3.3 ?Between breaks | 187 |
11.3.4 ?After the break | 188 |
11.4 ?Explaining slides and diagrammes | 188 |
11.4.1 ?Text slides | 189 |
11.4.2 ?Charts and diagrammes | 189 |
11.5 ?Business English terms | 191 |
11.5.1 ?Reasons behind events | 191 |
11.5.2 ?Results | 192 |
11.5.3 ?Change and development | 193 |
11.5.4 ?Problems | 194 |
11.5.5 ?Making comparisons | 197 |
11.5.6 ?Plans and goals | 198 |
11.5.7 ?Useful Vocabulary | 198 |
11.6 ?Dealing with questions | 199 |
11.6.1 ?International viewpoint | 199 |
11.6.2 ?English language points | 203 |
11.6.3 ?Preparation and procedure | 204 |
11.7 ?Handling interruptions and disturbances | 209 |
11.7.1 ?Getting attention at the beginning | 210 |
11.7.2 ?Audience member working on laptop | 210 |
11.7.3 ?Interruptions from people coming in | 211 |
11.7.4 ?Useful comments | 211 |
11.7.5 ?Audience member on a telephone call | 211 |
11.7.6 ?Outside noise | 212 |
11.7.7 ?Audience members talking | 212 |
11.7.8 ?Unwelcome interruptions from audience | 213 |
11.7.9 ?Heating and light disturbances | 213 |
12 Ending your presentation | 215 |
12.1 ?Making a good finish | 215 |
12.1.1 ?International viewpoint | 215 |
12.1.2 ?English language points | 216 |
12.2 ?Ending components | 216 |
12.3 ?Saying goodbye | 218 |
12.3.1 ?International viewpoint | 219 |
13 ?Useful examples | 221 |
13.1 ?Basic outline ? non-specific content | 221 |
13.2 ?Product presentation | 222 |
?Teil 4: Meetings in English | 225 |
14 ?Preparing a meeting | 227 |
14.1 ?Inviting people to a meeting | 227 |
14.1.1 ?Suggesting a meeting | 227 |
14.1.2 ?Responding to a request for a meeting | 228 |
14.2 ?Making meeting arrangements | 228 |
14.2.1 ?Who would like to meet when? | 229 |
14.3 ?Rescheduling, cancelling or confirming a meeting | 230 |
14.3.1 ?Rescheduling | 230 |
14.3.2 ?Cancellation | 231 |
14.3.3 ?Confirming a meeting | 231 |
14.4 ?Making the agenda | 233 |
14.4.1 ?Compiling the agenda | 234 |
14.4.2 ?Submitting items for the agenda | 234 |
14.4.3 ?Circulating the agenda | 235 |
14.5 ?Hands-on organisation | 236 |
14.5.1 ?Giving travel directions | 237 |
14.5.2 ?Giving information on local accommodation | 237 |
14.5.3 ?Finding out about visitors’ special dietary requirements | 238 |
14.5.4 ?Finding out about visitors’ technical requirements | 239 |
14.5.5 ?Booking meeting facilities | 239 |
14.5.6 ?Intercultural considerations | 240 |
15 ?Arriving at the meeting | 245 |
15.1 ?Arriving in reception | 245 |
15.1.1 ?Receiving visitors on arrival | 245 |
15.1.2 ?Lift talk | 246 |
15.2 ?Introducing oneself and others | 247 |
15.2.1 ?»How do you do?« and »How are you?« | 248 |
15.2.2 ?Introducing others | 248 |
15.3 ?Small talk | 249 |
15.3.1 ?How’s business ? and life? | 250 |
15.3.2 ?Effortless small talk | 251 |
15.4 ?Setting up the meeting room | 252 |
16 ?Conducting a meeting | 253 |
16.1 ?Opening the meeting | 253 |
16.1.1 ?Introductions and apologies | 254 |
16.1.2 ?Introducing the agenda and the objectives of the meeting | 254 |
16.1.3 ?Initiating the discussion | 255 |
16.2 ?Guiding the discussion | 255 |
16.2.1 ?Dealing with dominant participants and interruptions | 255 |
16.2.2 ?Encouraging quiet participants to contribute | 256 |
16.2.3 ?Reminding participants to be brief | 256 |
16.2.4 ?Keeping to the agenda | 257 |
16.2.5 ?Summarising and concluding an item | 257 |
16.2.6 ?Moving on to the next agenda item | 258 |
16.3 ?Bringing about a decision | 258 |
16.3.1 ?How to reach consensus | 258 |
16.4 ?Closing the meeting | 259 |
16.4.1 ?Initiating further action | 259 |
16.4.2 ?Bringing the meeting to a close | 260 |
16.4.3 ?Thanking the attendees | 261 |
17 ?The meeting itself | 263 |
17.1 ?Roles at a meeting | 263 |
17.1.1 ?Assigning and accepting roles | 263 |
17.2 ?Active participation and asking for more information | 264 |
17.2.1 ?Interrupting politely | 264 |
17.2.2 ?Asking for more information | 265 |
17.2.3 ?Active listening | 266 |
17.2.4 ?Responding to questions | 267 |
17.3 ?Expressing agreement and disagreement | 268 |
17.3.1 ?Agreeing with an opinion | 268 |
17.3.2 ?Diplomatic disagreement | 269 |
17.3.3 ?Expressing criticism | 272 |
17.3.4 ?Straight talking | 273 |
17.4 ?Making suggestions and having your say | 274 |
17.4.1 ?Expressing your opinion | 274 |
17.5 ?Enquiring and resolving misunderstandings | 276 |
17.5.1 ?Asking for repetition | 276 |
17.5.2 ?Summarising for clarification | 277 |
17.5.3 ?Recapping and confirming | 277 |
17.6 ?Diplomacy and politeness | 278 |
17.6.1 ?It’s bad news, I’m afraid … | 278 |
17.6.2 ?Polite questions | 279 |
17.6.3 ?A diplomatic game of give and take | 280 |
17.7 ?What to do in case of language problems | 282 |
17.8 ?Voting | 282 |
18 After the meeting | 285 |
18.1 ?Making the minutes | 285 |
18.1.1 ?Tips for minute-taking | 286 |
18.2 ?Following up the meeting | 288 |
19 ?Special types of meetings | 289 |
19.1 ?Meetings with customers | 289 |
19.1.1 ?Getting in touch | 289 |
19.1.2 ?Identifying your client’s needs | 289 |
19.1.3 ?Explaining your proposal in detail | 290 |
19.1.4 ?Anticipating objections | 290 |
19.1.5 ?Ending the visit | 290 |
19.1.6 ?Attentive hosts | 291 |
19.2 ?Negotiations | 291 |
19.2.1 ?Useful phrases | 293 |
19.2.2 ?Useful grammar | 295 |
19.3 ?Briefing and brainstorming | 296 |
19.3.1 ?Briefings | 296 |
19.3.2 ?Brainstorming sessions | 297 |
19.4 ?Jours fixes and kick-offs | 298 |
19.4.1 ?Jours fixes | 298 |
19.4.2 ?Kick-off meetings | 299 |
19.5 ?Telephone conferences | 299 |
19.5.1 ?Agenda | 299 |
19.5.2 ?Starting a conference call | 300 |
19.5.3 ?Controlling the meeting | 301 |
19.5.4 ?Ending a telephone conference | 303 |
19.5.5 ?Feedback on the TC | 303 |
19.6 ?Literature | 304 |
?Teil 5: Negotiations in English | 305 |
20 ?Negotiating skills | 307 |
20.1 ?Preparation and planning | 307 |
20.1.1 ?BATNA: Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement | 309 |
20.1.2 ?Parameters | 310 |
20.1.3 ?A negotiation agenda | 310 |
20.1.4 ?Promoting the climate | 312 |
20.1.5 ?Knowing the participants | 313 |
20.2 ?Getting acquainted | 313 |
20.2.1 ?Introducing oneself and others | 315 |
20.2.2 ?Business cards | 316 |
20.2.3 ?Addressing others | 317 |
20.2.4 ?Socialising and small talk | 318 |
20.3 ?Opening phase | 319 |
20.3.1 ?Stating the purpose | 320 |
20.3.2 ?The agenda | 322 |
20.4 ?Main phase | 322 |
20.4.1 ?Bargaining | 322 |
20.4.2 ?Marking transitions | 325 |
20.4.3 ?Linking words | 326 |
20.4.4 ?Interrupting | 327 |
20.4.5 ?Rephrasing | 328 |
20.4.6 ?Referring back | 328 |
20.4.7 ?Making your point clear | 329 |
20.4.8 ?Summarising | 329 |
20.4.9 ?Adjourning | 331 |
20.5 ?Agreement phase | 332 |
20.5.1 ?Reaching an agreement | 332 |
20.5.2 ?Ensuring agreement | 333 |
20.5.3 ?Disagreeing | 334 |
20.5.4 ?We agree, but… | 335 |
20.5.5 ?No subdivided agreement | 335 |
20.5.6 ?Closing remarks and next steps | 335 |
20.6 ?Asking questions | 336 |
20.6.1 ?Clarifying | 337 |
20.6.2 ?Question categories | 337 |
20.6.3 ?Question the facts | 339 |
20.6.4 ?Avoiding asking questions | 340 |
20.7 ?The art of listening | 340 |
20.8 ?When things get tough | 341 |
20.8.1 ?Reducing tension | 341 |
20.8.2 ?Anger management | 342 |
20.8.3 ?Dealing with impasses | 343 |
20.9 ?Tables, graphs or charts | 344 |
20.10 ?Telephone negotiating | 346 |
21 ?Cross-cultural negotiations | 349 |
21.1 ?Relation orientation | 349 |
21.2 ?Sociolinguistic influences | 350 |
21.3 ?Negotiating internationally | 353 |
21.4 ?Local negotiation techniques | 355 |
21.5 ?Strategic negotiating framework | 356 |
22 ?Country-specific negotiating | 359 |
22.1 ?Introduction | 359 |
22.2 ?China | 359 |
22.3 ?Czech Republic | 361 |
22.4 ?France | 362 |
22.5 ?India | 363 |
22.6 ?Italy | 364 |
22.7 ?Japan | 366 |
22.8 ?Netherlands | 367 |
22.9 ?Poland | 368 |
22.10 ?Russia | 369 |
22.11 ?Spain | 371 |
22.12 ?United Kingdom | 372 |
22.13 ?United States | 373 |
22.14 ?Cross-cultural differences | 374 |
22.15 ?Practical reference | 377 |
22.15.1 ?Financial numbers | 377 |
22.15.2 ?Language transfer | 379 |
22.15.3 ?British and American English | 380 |
?Teil 6: False Friends in Business English | 383 |
23 ?False friends for beginners | 385 |
23.1 ?Different types of false friends | 385 |
23.2 ?Degrees of confusion | 386 |
23.3 ?Applying for a job | 387 |
23.4 ?Your CV | 388 |
23.5 ?The interview | 390 |
23.5.1 ?Some typical questions | 390 |
23.5.2 ?What’s wrong? | 391 |
24 False friends in business communication | 393 |
24.1 ?On the telephone | 393 |
24.2 ?In e-mails | 394 |
24.2.1 ?Find the false friends | 394 |
24.3 ?In letters | 395 |
24.4 ?In meetings | 396 |
24.4.1 ?Typical phrases in meetings ? with false friends | 396 |
24.5 ?Making presentations | 398 |
24.6 ?Negotiating | 399 |
25 ?False friends on a business trip | 401 |
25.1 ?At the airport | 401 |
25.2 ?At a restaurant | 402 |
25.2.1 ?Typical phrases in restaurants ? with false friends | 402 |
25.3 ?When shopping | 403 |
25.3.1 ?Better phrases for shopping | 404 |
25.4 ?Small talk | 406 |
25.4.1 ?Phrases for business situations | 406 |
26 ?False friends in different departments | 409 |
26.1 ?Human resources | 409 |
26.2 ?Logistics | 410 |
26.3 ?Finance and accounting | 412 |
26.4 ?Sales and marketing | 413 |
26.5 ?Production | 414 |
27 ?Useful false friends to know | 417 |
27.1 ?Internet resources | 450 |
?Teil 7: Appendix | 453 |
28 ?Practical Reference | 455 |
28.1 ?Linguistic Characteristics | 455 |
28.1.1 ?The proper use of capital letters | 455 |
28.1.2 ?Using apostrophes | 456 |
28.1.3 ?Using the spelling check | 457 |
28.2 ?Linguistic Differences: UK-USA | 458 |
28.3 English around the world | 461 |
28.4 ?Tables and Overviews | 462 |
28.4.1 ?Types of companies | 462 |
28.4.2 ?Official holidays and translations | 464 |
28.4.3 ?Country-specific holidays | 465 |
28.4.4 ?Translated geographical names | 467 |
28.4.5 ?Temperature conversion table | 468 |
28.4.6 ?Weights and measures | 468 |
28.5 ?Electronic Guidelines on Internet | 469 |
29 False friends game | 470 |
?Die Autoren | 473 |
?Weitere Literatur | 474 |