Table of Contents | 13 |
List of Figures | 17 |
List of Tables | 21 |
List of Abbreviations | 23 |
Chapter 1 - INTRODUCTION | 25 |
1.1 PROBLEM DEFINITION | 25 |
1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS | 30 |
1.3 CONTRIBUTION TO DFG RESEARCH GROUP 1491 | 31 |
1.4 PURPOSE AND THESIS STRUCTURE | 31 |
Chapter 2 - THEORETICAL BACKGROUND | 35 |
2.1 ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE | 35 |
2.1.1 CONCEPTUAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE CONSTRUCTS ‘ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE’ AND ‘ORGANISATIONAL CLIMATE’ | 37 |
2.1.2 OVERVIEW OF APPROACHES AND MODELS USED TO DESCRIBE AND STUDY THECONSTRUCT ‘ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE’ | 37 |
2.1.3 OVERVIEW OF APPROACHES TO DEVELOPING ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE | 47 |
2.1.4 DEFINITION AND CONCEPTUALISATION OF THE CONSTRUCT ‘QUALITY CULTURE’ | 52 |
2.1.2 OVERVIEW OF APPROACHES AND MODELS USED TO DESCRIBE AND STUDY THECONSTRUCT ‘ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE’ | 37 |
2.1.3 OVERVIEW OF APPROACHES TO DEVELOPING ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE | 47 |
2.1.3.1 Underlying Psychological Mechanisms According to Cognitive Dissonance Theory | 48 |
2.1.3.2 Underlying Psychological Mechanisms According to Social Cognitive Learning Theory | 50 |
2.1.4 DEFINITION AND CONCEPTUALISATION OF THE CONSTRUCT ‘QUALITY CULTURE’ | 52 |
2.2 ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR | 52 |
2.2.1 DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ANALYSIS FOR DESCRIBING AND STUDYING PHENOMENA IN ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH | 53 |
2.2.2 THE ROLE OF PERSON-ORGANISATION FIT IN DEVELOPING ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE | 56 |
2.2.3 THE ROLE OF VALUES-BASED MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE | 58 |
2.2.4 BASICS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING AND ASSESSMENT IN ORGANISATIONS | 60 |
2.2.4.1 Situational Judgment Tests as a Method of Assessing Specific Constructs | 63 |
2.3 QUALITY ORIENTATION | 70 |
2.3.1 APPROACHES TO DEFINING THE CONSTRUCT ‘QUALITY’ AND THE EVOLUTION OF MANAGING QUALITY | 70 |
2.3.2 DEFINITION AND CONCEPTUALISATION OF THE CONSTRUCT ‘QUALITY ORIENTATION’ | 75 |
2.3.2.1 Discussion of Quality Orientation in the Context of Multidimensional Constructs | 80 |
2.3.2.2 Identification of Variables Related to Quality Orientation | 82 |
Chapter 3 - METHODOLOGY | 91 |
3.1 MEASUREMENT PLAN AND TEST DEVELOPMENT | 93 |
3.1.1 DEVELOPMENT OF ITEM STEMS IN WHICH VARIABLES RELATED TO QUALITYORIENTATION CAN MANIFEST | 98 |
3.1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF RESPONSE OPTIONS REFLECTING THE VARIABLES RELATED TOQUALITY ORIENTATION | 104 |
3.1.3 DEVELOPMENT OF A SCORING KEY FOR RETRIEVING TEST SCORES | 108 |
3.2 CRITERION MEASURE: QUALITY CULTURE SCALE | 111 |
Chapter 4 - EMPIRICAL STUDY I | 113 |
4.1 METHOD | 113 |
4.2 DESCRIPTION OF MATERIALS AND TEST ADMINISTRATION | 113 |
4.2.1 HEINE SCALE FOR MANAGERIAL QUALITY ORIENTATION | 113 |
4.2.2 PRINCIPLES OF SCORING | 114 |
4.2.3 OTHER MEASURES INCLUDED IN THE STUDY | 115 |
4.3 RESULTS | 116 |
4.3.1 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS | 116 |
4.3.2 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS | 117 |
4.3.3 ITEM ANALYSIS | 119 |
4.3.3.1 Difficulty Level | 120 |
4.3.3.2 Discrimination Index | 123 |
4.3.3.3 Confidence Intervals for Individual Test Scores | 129 |
4.3.3.4 Item Curves | 130 |
4.3.4 VALIDITY ANALYSIS | 135 |
4.3.5 NORM GROUP | 137 |
4.3.6 CONCLUSION: EMPIRICAL STUDY I | 139 |
Chapter 5 - EMPIRICAL STUDY II | 141 |
5.1 METHOD | 141 |
5.2 DESCRIPTION OF TEST MATERIALS AND TEST ADMINISTRATION | 141 |
5.2.1 MATERIALS APPLIED TO THE SAMPLE OF MIDDLE MANAGEMENT | 142 |
5.2.2 MATERIALS APPLIED TO THE SAMPLE OF EMPLOYEES | 142 |
5.3 RESULTS | 144 |
5.3.1 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS | 145 |
5.3.2 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS | 147 |
5.3.3 ITEM ANALYSIS | 148 |
5.3.3.1 Difficulty Level | 148 |
5.3.3.2 Discrimination Index | 150 |
5.3.3.3 Confidence Intervals for Individual Test Scores | 156 |
5.3.3.4 Item Curves | 156 |
5.3.4 NORM GROUP | 160 |
5.3.5 EXPLANATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS OF THE CRITERION MEASURE | 162 |
5.3.6 CORRELATIONAL ANALYSIS | 169 |
Chapter 6 - DISCUSSION | 173 |
6.1 SUMMARY | 173 |
6.2 IMPLICATIONS | 178 |
6.2.1 IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH | 178 |
6.2.2 IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE | 181 |
6.3 LIMITATIONS | 183 |
6.4 CONCLUSION | 186 |
REFERENCES | 189 |
APPENDICES | 203 |
APPENDIX A | 203 |
APPENDIX B | 209 |
APPENDIX C | 217 |
APPENDIX D | 219 |
APPENDIX E | 228 |
APPENDIX F | 230 |
APPENDIX G | 236 |
CURRICULUM VITAE | 241 |