Content | 6 |
Introduction – The Comparative View on Religion and Religiosity | 7 |
1. Religion and religiosity from an empirical and comparative perspective: research deficits and improvements | 7 |
2. Underlying theoretical approaches: secularization, individualization, and the market approach | 8 |
3. About the book | 9 |
4. Literature | 12 |
Why, at all, do we need Religion? Religion and Morality in Post- Communist Europe | 13 |
1. Revitalisation of religion in post-communism: causes and consequences | 13 |
2. Gods, rituals and the moral order: the recent lesson by Rodney Stark | 14 |
3. Religion and morality in post-communism: are non-existent ties still present in the late ‘ 90s? | 15 |
4. Moral statements: religious and/or cultural norms? | 16 |
5. Influence of religion on family/private life and public domain: an alternative explanation | 22 |
6. References | 24 |
Religious Pluralism and Dimensions of Religiosity: Evidence from the Project Religious and Moral Pluralism ( RAMP). | 25 |
1. The RAMP-project | 25 |
2. Religious options | 26 |
3. Conclusion | 32 |
4. References | 34 |
Religiosity in Europe and in the Two Germanies: The Persistence of a Special Case – as revealed by the European Social Survey1 | 35 |
1. Design of research | 35 |
2. Results: church membership | 38 |
3. Results: service attendance | 40 |
4. Results: frequency of prayer | 43 |
5. Results: self-ascribed religiosity | 45 |
6. Summary and conclusion | 47 |
7. References | 48 |
Religion in Finland and Russia in a Comparative Perspective | 49 |
1. Introduction | 49 |
2. Religious change in Finland | 49 |
3. Religious change in Russia | 56 |
4. Conclusion | 61 |
5. References | 63 |
Religiosity in Central and Eastern Europe: Results from the PCE 2000 Survey in Comparison | 64 |
1. Introduction | 64 |
2. Theoretical framework | 67 |
3. Data and indicators | 69 |
4. Church adherence and traditional religiousness: revival or decline? | 70 |
5. Religious “alternatives”: towards individualization? | 75 |
6. Traditional and alternative religiousness: patterns and correlations | 77 |
7. Conclusion | 79 |
8. References | 80 |
Annex: Description of indicators | 83 |
Secularization as a European Fate? – Results from the Church and Religion in an Enlarged Europe Project 2006 | 88 |
1. Introduction – the persistence of an out-dated approach | 88 |
2. The theoretical prerequisites | 89 |
3. Case selection and measurement | 94 |
4. Societal secularization | 97 |
5. Religiosity 2006 – an indication of individual secularization? | 99 |
6. Secularization, individualization, and the market model | 105 |
7. Bases of religious vitality | 110 |
8. Summary – a contextualized theory of secularization | 114 |
9. References | 118 |
Religious Oddities: Explaining the Divergent Religious Markets of Poland and East Germany | 122 |
1. Introduction | 122 |
2. Deductive theory | 124 |
3. Case analyses | 127 |
4. Discussion | 138 |
5. Conclusion | 140 |
6. References | 141 |
Church-State Relations and the Vitality of Religion in European Comparison | 144 |
1. Preliminary theoretical considerations | 144 |
2. Operationalizing the questions and the problems this entails | 147 |
3. Overview of the distribution of the main variables | 149 |
4. Attempt at an explanation | 153 |
5. Conclusion | 161 |
6. References | 162 |
Appendix: Additional Charts | 164 |
European Exceptionalism: Lazy Churches, Pluralism, Adherence and the Case of the Dutch Religious Cartel | 166 |
1. Ecumenical charter or church cartel? | 166 |
2. Religious market and adherence | 167 |
3. Dutch religious market: free and pluralistic - decline of adherence | 169 |
4. Absence from competition | 175 |
5. Pluralism + freedom (necessarily) competition | 177 |
6. References | 179 |
Religion, Popular Piety, Patchwork Religion | 182 |
1. Transition: the pilgrim and the patchwork religion | 182 |
2. The hypotheses | 182 |
3. Patchwork religion = religion + a little something else | 183 |
4. Further precision: religion and magic | 185 |
5. The field study: on the history and topography of the Bregenz Forest | 185 |
6. Early christianization and its traces | 186 |
7. Metamorphosis 1: the hazelnut | 188 |
8. Metamorphosis 2: the sources | 190 |
9. The modern age between everyday magic and heresy | 191 |
10. Changes in the patterns of interpretation of traditional everyday magic | 196 |
11. Everyday magic and postmodern patchwork religion | 198 |
12. References | 200 |
Authors | 202 |